Thursday, February 28, 2019

What contribution did Edward Jenner make to medicine?

The person I have chosen to write about is Edward Jenner. He was born in 1749 and is famous as the first doctor to introduce and study the smallpox vaccine. I am interested by his work as it was the prat of the science of immunology, resulting in legion(predicate) checkup advances, the benefits of which can be seen in medicine today.Smallpox is a virus spread through coughing, act reflexively and physical contact with an infected person. Epidemics broke out in Britain all few years, resulting in many dyings. In the eighteenth century a method of inoculation was introduced to Britain. This reduced the chance of dying from smallpox, yet it carried with it many risks. Whilst offering inoculations against smallpox, Edward Jenner, a doctor from Gloucestershire, discovered that those who had previously suffered from cowpox were slight likely to catch smallpox than those who hadnt. He subsequently came up with the judgment of employ cowpox, a mild disease, as a method of preventio n.In an attempt to prove this theory, Jenner conducted an experiment in which he took matter from a cowpox sore and inserted it into a boy through two cuts. afterwards slight uneasiness in the following days, the boy was perfectly well. He was then inoculated with smallpox matter, which was repeated again several months by and by, but no disease followed on either occasion. After completing the experiment 23 times, he came to the conclusion that cowpox protects the human constitution from the infection of smallpox.Although Jenner was ineffective to prove his theory, his vaccination saved many lives. He enrolled and print his findings himself as there was much opposition to vaccinations at first. This was because some mass found it hard to accept anything new, especially when there was no translation as to why it worked. Also, if his vaccinations proved to be a success, doctors would lose the income they sure from providing inoculations. As well as this, some people saw the vaccination as dangerous. This was for reasons including doctors accidentally infecting patients with smallpox instead of cowpox or using infected needles, both of which resulted in many deaths. However, Jenners work paid off, and in 1840 the British government provided vaccination free of charge.The main reason that I am interested in Jenner is that he was able to come up with a successful method of prevention of smallpox without advanced technology. His observations and experiments provided straight results leading to life saving treatment, which I feel was one of the biggest medical achievements up until that time considering that smallpox had previously been one of the biggest killer diseases. He was not put off by the less than enthusiastic view of the public, choosing to record his findings personally in hope that they would one day be judge and prove to be useful (which is what finally happened).Also, his work greatly contributed to later medical advances. It was the basis of immunology, which was to be pursued with success by Pasteur and others fractional a century later, helped by technological advancements. His observations had a large find out on the declaration of smallpox as an eradicated disease in 1980 by the World Health Organisation.In conclusion, Edward Jenner was a man who was able to suck a large contribution to the advancement of medicine and prevention of death from smallpox. This, in my opinion, makes him a prominent and essential figure in history.

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